Piracy remains a real threat in several regions. We examine the current landscape and the best practices vessels can implement to stay safe.
While piracy has declined from its peak in the early 2010s, it remains a serious threat in several regions including the Gulf of Guinea, the Horn of Africa, and parts of Southeast Asia. Modern anti-piracy strategies combine vigilance, physical barriers, and coordinated response.
Understanding the Threat
Piracy takes different forms depending on the region:
- Kidnap for ransom — common in the Gulf of Guinea, where armed groups target crew members
- Robbery at anchor — vessels are boarded while waiting at anchorage, with thieves stealing cargo and valuables
- Hijack for cargo theft — entire vessels may be seized and their cargo offloaded
- Smuggling and trafficking — vessels may be coerced into illegal activities
Best Management Practices
The industry standard guidance, BMP5, provides a comprehensive framework for vessels transiting high-risk areas:
- Risk assessment before entering a high-risk area
- Physical barriers such as razor wire, water cannons, and citadels
- Enhanced lookout with additional crew on watch
- Speed and maneuvering — maintaining a speed that makes boarding difficult
- Reporting to naval forces and maritime security centers
- Crew training in piracy awareness and response procedures
The Role of Armed Security
In some regions, privately contracted armed security personnel (PCASP) are used on board. Their use requires careful planning, clear rules of engagement, and coordination with flag states and coastal authorities. While controversial, studies have shown that vessels with PCASP have not been successfully hijacked.
Staying Vigilant
The threat of piracy evolves. As one region becomes safer, another may become more dangerous. The key for any vessel operator is to stay informed, maintain robust procedures, and never assume that a familiar route is without risk.
